Evolution of the Philippine Flag - 2223 Words

EVOLUTION OF THE PHILIPPINE FLAG The Katipunan (1892 - 1897) | The First KKK (Kataastaasan at Kagalanggalang Katipunan ng Mga Anak ng Bayan--The Highest and Most Honorable Society of the Sons of the Nation) Flag (1892) With the establishment of the Katipunan, Andres Bonifacio requested his wife, Gregoria de Jesus, and with the help of Benita Rodriguez to create a flag for the society. De Jesus created a simple red flag bearing the societys acronym, KKK, in white and arranged horizontally at the center of a rectangular piece of red cloth (locally called kundiman). The color red represents the blood and courage of the Katipuneros who stood ready to fight for freedom and shed their blood if need be. This was the flag which was†¦show more content†¦Let us fight to the finish, was one of his favorite remarks. Owing more to Freemasonry than to traditional Katipunero imagery. This flag looked like the pirates banner in the Caribbean. It is said that Andres Bonifacio made fun of this flag, calling it Bungo ni Llane ra or Llaneras skull. | | The Aguinaldo-Magdalo Flag (August 30, 1896). When the revolution heated up, the Magdiwang group of the Katipunan, which operated in Cavite under Gen. Santiago Alvarez, adopted a flag consisting of a red flag with the character at the centre of the flag is a K in an ancient Filipino alphabet or alibata script in white placed at the center of a sun with eight pointed rays, again representing the Katipunan and the eight revolutionary provinces in Luzon that pledged its support to fight under Aguinaldo’s banner and to start the Philippine revolution. This was the flag adopted by General Emilio Aguinaldo for his Magdalo group at Kawit, Cavite on August 30, 1896. General Aguinaldo referred to this flag in his proclamation of October 31, 1896: Filipino people!! The hour has arrived to shed blood for the conquest of our liberty. Assemble and follow the flag of the Revolution - it stands for Liberty, Equality and Fraternity. Due to the popularity of General Aguinaldo, it was used by the revolutionary forces until December 30, 1897 when it was hauled down from the flagstaff at Biak-na-Bato, signifying the end of warfare with Spain after the peace agreement. ThisShow MoreRelatedHow Has Paper Money Changed Since 1990?1674 Words   |  7 PagesNotes. However, in the mean time counterfeit money had been gaining circulation and â€Å"thirty-six percent of the dollar value of known counterfeit currency passed in the U.S. was produced overseas, particularly in Colombia, Italy, Hong Kong, the Philippines and Bangkok† (Fun Facts About Money). In result, over a hundred domestic and eighteen foreign counterfeit operations were terminated in 1990. With much trouble flowing around with counterfeit money, the United States tried enhancing theRead MorePhilippine Political Thoughts4139 Words   |  17 PagesPHILIPPINE POLITICAL THOUGHTS Political Thinkers   Ã‚   Ideas are meant not to immortalize history but rather to make sense of it.   The manufacture of such ideas is influenced by circumstances that shape it and also, the vital thoughts of their authors.   If we are to analyze our history, we could see that ideas are not only important for their interpretation of our history but also for their contribution to changes in our nation.   Groundbreaking ideas have moved our nation to change.   It is thus valuableRead MoreCause And Effects Of World War 2 Essay1247 Words   |  5 Pagesresources that this small island can not have, finally pushed Japan in the war. How this terrible ended? In Europe, from May 02 to June 04 in 1945, the Soviets attacked Berlin, beat more than 1 million Germans. 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Philippine education therefore must produce Filipinos who are aware of their countrys problems, who understand the basic solution to these problems, and who care enough to have courage to work and sacrifice for their countrys salvation. Nationalism in Education In recent years, in various sectors of our society, there have been nationalist stirrings which were crystallized and articulated by the late Claro M. Recto, There were jealous demands for the recognition of Philippine sovereigntyRead MoreThe Philippine Architect ure: Spanish Colonial Period18287 Words   |  74 Pageswhat the world knows, Philippines is the only Catholic country in Southeast Asia; thus, most of our structures all over the archipelago were Catholic Churches due to the influence of Catholicism. Filipino Identity was basically patterned from the Spanish; the way the Filipinos think of standards, the way Filipinos design, and the way Filipinos appreciate things. 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Funny in Farsi Analysis Free Essays

Funny in Farsi Analysis Firoozeh Dumas is an Iranian-American writer, known for creating the memoir ‘Funny in Farsi’. Born in Iran, Dumas tells of her childhood memories and how she and her family moved to America when she was just seven years old. Soon after the events that took place on September 11th, friends had encouraged her to publish the stories that she had written. We will write a custom essay sample on Funny in Farsi Analysis or any similar topic only for you Order Now By doing this, she would be able to tell Americans of how Middle Eastern cultures are not what the media portrays them to be. Throughout the memoir, Dumas aims to show Americans that Iranians are truly virtuous and have a sense of humor. With the use of lighthearted humor, emotional appeal, and family anecdotes, Dumas shows that Iranians are not, (in any way,) what we think they are. Dumas attempts to show us that Iranians have a sense of humor by establishing a lighthearted tone from the beginning of the piece. As opposed to keeping the piece serious, she ends the very first passage saying that even though her brother was far away from her it was merely a â€Å"small price to pay for owning a Barbie†. Though she could have been focusing on the distance from her brother, she was rather occupied with her Barbie, an act fairly typical for a seven-year-old girl. The phrase can help many readers feel nostalgic. Many people have some sort of object or toy tied to a relative, and being with that particular toy can make it seem as if we are with that loved one. At the same time, this also sparks emotional appeal and nostalgia to the reader; many of us, as children had found ourselves happy at the receipt of a new toy, even if we had been crying just seconds before. Dumas easily uses both strategies at the same time to show the innocence and humor of Middle Eastern cultures. After a rather embarrassing first day of school (with her mother,) Dumas decided that from that day on, her mother would â€Å"have to stay home†. Dumas uses a combination of a family anecdote as well as self-deprecation to showcase the innocence and humor of the Middle Eastern people. Dumas attends her very first day of school with her mother to. The day proves to be embarrassing to Dumas, as it â€Å"negated† the impression she had made just the other day. The students had begun to stare at them not because they could not speak English, but because they appeared rather dimwitted. The author belittles herself by the use of self-deprecation; because of this, the audience is able to identify with her. Dumas does this successfully by admitting that she and her mother appeared â€Å"stupid†, further reinforcing it by saying that her first impression had been â€Å"negated† by the day’s events. The word negated communicates the idea that Dumas’ hard work in impressing her teacher, Mrs. Sandberg had been done in vain. It makes her more likeable to her readers, and only strengthens her message that Iranians are merely virtuous and humble people. The September 11 attacks had left many Middle Eastern cultures with awful stereotypes. Dumas’ memoirs, however, successfully convey the image that Middle Eastern people are not what the media tells us. With the use of a lighthearted tone and Dumas’ humorous story of going to school and owning Barbie’s, Funny in Farsi shows the audience that the Iranian people (and perhaps other Middle Eastern cultures,) are indeed innocent, virtuous, and humble people. How to cite Funny in Farsi Analysis, Essay examples

E-Business Model & Information for Tutorials- myassignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about theE-Business Model Information for Tutorials. Answer: Reflection and the Set of Challenges There were many issues and challenges that cropped up during the project for the website DealsOn The acquiring of the information on the functioning of the grid systems was not easy. There were many templates that were used and the understanding of the difference between the templates was also difficult. There were many different plug-ins and modules that were involved and used in the site. Also, there were many extensions that were involved. It was not easy to get hold of the functioning and integration of all these elements with each other. The first task that was to be completed was the designing and development of the homepage for the website which had various sections and a menu below the header section. There were different options that were to be integrated in the menu for the site. The emergence of the issues such as absence of content in the menu, technical errors and likewise were not getting rectified in the beginning phase. Sources Referred Used The resolution of the challenges and problems that were experienced was done only after an understanding and clarity on the subject was gained. This was made possible with the aid of many resources in the form of websites, tutorials and videos. The basic detail of Wix and the functioning that was involved around the same was acquired from the website as https://wixtoolset.org/documentation/manual/v3/main/wix_learning.html. The in-depth information on Wix and the functioning involved with the same for the building of a website was acquired from https://harrington.uri.edu/wp-content/uploads/sites/7/2013/01/Wix-Tutorial-1.pdf. One of the challenges that came up was in the form of addition of an online store to Wix. The information around same was gathered from the link https://support.wix.com/en/article/adding-a-shopping-cart-icon-in-wix-stores. Many videos have been uploaded on YouTube that are available for free which can be used for gaining an understanding on the usage of Wix. There were two videos that were used to acquire basic and advanced understanding by going through the videos https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WI5mXY-M3WA and https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Iy2VaWfeXrs. Report Overview Aim Goal The main aim of this document is to bring out the details and elaborated information on the solution that is proposed for the website as DealsOn. Objectives The report has the objective of covering the e-business model that is involved with DealsOn along with the specific requirements that must be present in the site. Details Covered The scope of the report covers the analysis and review of the solution that is proposed from different aspects along with the recommendations regarding the e-business model of the solution. The specific information on the project expenses and project timeline are not covered. Limitations The set of assumptions and the underlying dependencies of the project have not been covered and included in the document. Background of DealsOn DealsOn is a website that provides the coupons and online deals that are available to the customers. The motive of the website is to allow the users to experience exclusive offers and avail the same at the time of purchase on various websites and applications. The primary sets of features provided by the site are as listed below. Listing of the coupons that may be applicable on the different websites Listing of the promotional offers that can be applied by the users for the first time purchase Available loyalty programmes and rewards that can be gained The set of functions and features that have been implemented on the website of DealsOn are extremely basic and there is absence of features like secure login, social media integration, advanced sorting and filtering options, integration with enhanced payment options etc. Value Proposition Value proposition of the website includes the improvement of the website of DealsOn. There are many features and functionalities that are currently missing from the website like social media integration with various social media platforms like Facebook, Twitter, and Instagram etc. The user interface of the site is also poor leading to poor user experience. The security of the website and payment options provided is also limited. The need is to upgrade the website to advanced features and mechanisms so that the customer base associated with DealsOn can be enhanced and maximum revenues are earned. Management Strategies and Project Decisions There are many advancements and improvements that are required to be done to the website of DealsOn. The strategy that must be followed for the purpose shall be agile development methodology. The requirements as per this methodology shall be divided in different sets. A single iteration must focus upon one sub-set of the requirements which shall then lead to the accomplishment of the end-result (Brohi et al., 2016). The project activities must be done in a series of steps so that the resources are aware of the tasks that they need to perform. E-Business Model of DealsOn There are many e-business models that are present which can be applied and used in case of e-business development of the website or web application for a business unit. DealsOn is a website that has been set up for the consumers to allow them to earn maximum benefits and best deals during their online purchase and transactions. Therefore, the model applicable to this website is the Business to Consumer which is also known as B2C model (Martinez-Lopez, 2010). The business activities and features that are included on the site must be done with a view to attract maximum customer base and to earn maximum customer satisfaction as an outcome (Pandya and Dholakia, 2005). Marketing Plan It is necessary for every business unit to develop a marketing plan and a marketing strategy in such a manner that the maximum numbers of customers are attracted towards the business. Feasibility and Analysis Political There are various industries and business units that are directly dependent upon the legal and political framework that is followed in a country. The change in these policies has a direct impact on the functioning and outcomes of the business. Similarly, there are business setups that do not have a large scale impact on such political ups and downs. DealsOn is a website that belongs to the second category. There are certain political decisions that can have a slight impact on its functions such as taxation schemes and policies, government laws around e-commerce merchants etc. Feasibility and Analysis Economical There are many factors that can have a direct impact on the economical framework of a country. The economical policies and status can have an impact on many business units as well. However, DealsOn is a business setup that is not regulated or impacted by the changes in the economical scenario of a country. Certain factors that have the potential to cause an impact are inflation rates and interest rates. Feasibility and Analysis Social The e-commerce industry is regulated by the needs and preferences of the customers. These parameters are very important as the profits and sales that are earned by a business setup are entirely dependent upon the customer behavior. The same goes for the business and revenue that is earned by DealsOn. The change in the customer demands or choices will have an impact on the profit or loss for the website as well. Feasibility and Analysis Technical Technology is an integral part of the web based systems and application. The website of DealsOn will also have a lot of dependency and reliance on the technical aspects. There may be technical trends that may change which may be required to be implemented in the web site as well. Therefore, the website shall be designed in a scalable and flexible manner so that any of such technological changes are easy to make (Pradhan, 2014). E-Business Infrastructure and Payment Gateway Hardware Needs The website of DealsOn may be used by hundreds and millions of users from any part of the globe. The performance and behavior of the website shall therefore be competent enough to meet out these needs and requirements. It shall be designed in such a manner that the huge traffic on the website is handled with ease and without any availability issue. Therefore, the systems on which the site is deployed, the servers that are used for the purpose and the network equipment that is used shall be of latest quality. Many different needs and requirements from the aspect of the infrastructure have been listed below. Tele-communication tools and equipment shall be integrated with the website so that such communications are easy to make and accomplish. The payment gateways must be integrated on the site. Electronic funds and file transfer systems shall be present. Encryption algorithms must be used so that the information is secured and protected. Software Needs Database tools Database is an essential component of the website and there shall be a suitable database selected for the web based applications so that the functioning of the website is smooth and as per the requirements. In case of DealsOn, NoSQL database, such as MongoDB shall be used as it will provide the necessary form of security along with the ease of maintenance and support necessary for the Big Data tools. Coding tools The source code of DealsOn shall be created in such a manner that the website is scalable, adaptable and flexible in nature. These qualities and capabilities will be easily provided by choosing PHP as the programming language for the development of the front end (Methodsandtools, 2017). Testing One of the most significant and essential activities that is carried out on the websites is the testing. This is the activity in which the defects and bugs are highlighted and pointed out for clarification and correction. There are tools that are necessary for this purpose. The set of testing tools that must be used in case of DealsOn include TestLink for the purpose of creation of test scenarios and test cases along with their execution. LoadRunner must be used for the execution of the performance test cases. The defects must be logged and reported through Bugzilla. Risks Issues Legal There can be many risks and issues that may come up with web based applications. The type of issues and risks that may have the most significant and severe impact are legal risks and issues. There are many legal policies and regulatory norms that the organizations are required to follow. For instance, there is a legal code called e-payments code that must be adhered to for every financial transaction on the website. There are also legal policies applicable on the security of the information and its protection (Uop. 2006). The violation of these policies and laws can have legal obligations and punishments. Privacy and Security Information is the most critical assets for the organizations as it is the information that may regulate the success or failure of the organization. For example, if the confidential information of an organization such as its internal policies and techniques get exposed in public then the competitors may take advantage of such a situation. The significance of information has led to the emergence of many information related risks and attacks that may have a negative implication on the privacy and security of the same (Onebusiness, 2013). In case of DealsOn, there are many privacy and security risks that are associated with the information sets. The form of these risks can vary on the basis of the carrier or agent of the risk. For instance, if the agent is the network then there can be risks such as man in the middle, denial of service, eavesdropping attacks etc. Similarly, if the employee or the user is the carrier of the risk, then there may be issues such as breaching, loss of data, malware attack, unauthorized access etc. that may emerge. There may also be risks such as message alteration, spoofing and phishing that may take place. All of these risks and attacks can have a poor impact on the privacy and security of the information. Therefore, these issues shall be avoided by using countermeasures and controls like network security tools, anti-malware packages, information encryption etc. Other Risks User negligence becomes a cause for many risks and issues. These issues are mainly associated with the operational mistakes and errors. The users may accidentally carry out a task or an operation that may have a negative implication on the user, the website and the system. These risks shall be avoided by using support forums and documents for enhancing the operational ease of the users. There may also be compatibility issues that may be witnessed. The website of DealsOn is linked with the legacy systems and databases. Addition of new features and improvement of the website may have compatibility and integration issues. There will also be a number of changes that will be developed. These changes may be difficult to handle and processed for the employees of DealsOn. There will be new set of business practices that will be required to be followed along with the use of newer tools and methods. Advantages The idea behind the setting up of the website as DealsOn is to enable the customers to gain maximum benefit in their online transactions and operations. The improvement of the website by revising the current operations and functionalities along with the addition of new features will have many advantages in terms of customer engagement, customer attraction and experience (Wills, 2014). The website will allow the customers to integrate their social media accounts and platforms which will provide the data analysts and scientists with the information on the customer preferences and choices. The designing of the business and marketing strategies along with the business decisions will be made easy as a result. The target audience for every coupon will be easy to identify. The setting up and enforcement of a correct strategy will lead to the ability to gain competitive advantage in the market (Khurana, 2017). The customers will also be provided with the capability to security login and access the website, experience enhanced and secure payment options and easily filter the coupons and deals displayed on the website according to their choice. This will enhance the customer experience earned on the site which will lead to positive publicity by the customers. The enhancement of customer engagement and customer base will also have a positive and direct impact on the sales and revenue of the site which will be improved. There are many similar business setups and units that are functioning and are available for access on the web. The improvement of the website of DealsOn will make sure that the website offers certain unique features to the customers so that they find it easy to pick DealsOn from the several options available for access. Conclusions Recommendations DealsOn is a website that provides the coupons and online deals that are available to the customers for gaining maximum benefit in their transactions online. The set of functions and features that have been implemented on the website of DealsOn are extremely basic and there is absence of features like secure login, social media integration, advanced sorting and filtering options, integration with enhanced payment options etc. The strategy that must be followed for the purpose of website development and improvement shall be agile development methodology. The requirements as per this methodology shall be divided in different sets. A single iteration must focus upon one sub-set of the requirements which shall then lead to the accomplishment of the end-result. There may be many issues and challenges that may be seen during the project in terms of legal issues, security risks and many more. These risks shall be handled and managed by using an adequate management methodology. There is risk management process that is defined in the project management methodologies that must be applied in this case. This process shall cover five phases for successful and efficient management of the risks. These phases include risk identification, risk analysis, risk evaluation, risk treatment and risk monitoring closure. Along with the development methodology, there is also an additional methodology that must be used and applied in case of DealsOn. This includes the project management methodology. Projects In Controlled Environment (PRINCE2) is the methodology that must be selected and applied in this case. It will provide the required set of guidelines for the management of the project and will also cover the necessary knowledge areas. The risks and conflicts that may arise during the execution and timeline of the project will also be managed and handled with much ease. References Brohi, H., Prithiani, J., Abbas, Z., Bhutto, A. and Chawla, S. (2016). Strategic Marketing Plan of Nike. SSRN Electronic Journal. Khurana, A. (2017). Why E-commerce Is Taking the Retail World by Storm. [online] The Balance. Available at: https://www.thebalance.com/advantages-of-ecommerce-1141610 [Accessed 04 Oct. 2017]. Martinez-Lopez, L. (2010). Intelligent e-services and multi-agent systems for B2C e-commerce. Internet Research, 20(3). Methodsandtools (2017). Software Development Tools: Java, JavaScript,.NET, PHP, Ruby. [online] Methodsandtools.com. Available at: https://www.methodsandtools.com/tools/tools.php [Accessed 04 Oct. 2017]. Onebusiness (2013). The Legal and Privacy Issues of Doing E-Business. [online] Available at: https://www.onebusiness.ca/sites/default/files/MEDI_Booklet_Legal_Privacy_Issues_accessible_E.pdf [Accessed 04 Oct. 2017]. Pandya, A. and Dholakia, N. (2005). Conceptualizing B2C Businesses as a New Category of Services. Journal of Electronic Commerce in Organizations, 3(1), pp.1-12. Pradhan, S. (2014). Total Quality Management in Service Sector: Case Study of Academic Libraries. Journal of Business and Management Sciences, 2(3A), pp.29-32. Uop (2006). E-Commerce Legal Issues. [online] Available at: https://www.uop.edu.jo/download/research/members/tisgway_ecom.pdf [Accessed 04 Oct. 2017]. Wills, B. (2014). 18 Major Benefits of e-Commerce Business for Retailers Customers in 2015. [online] Medium. Available at: https://medium.com/@briannawillsss/18-major-benefits-of-e-commerce-business-for-retailers-customers-in-2015-63c5fc87f679 [Accessed 04 Oct. 2017].

Sociobiology Essays - Anthropology, Evolutionary Biology, Ethology

Sociobiology In the middle of this century, bot biological and cultural anthropology experiences a major change in theory. In biological anthropology, biological anthropologists adopted an approach which focused on the gene. They saw the human evolution as the process of genetic adaptation to the environment. In the mean time, there were also cultural analogies to evolution. Cultural evolution also followed a process of adaptation. In the field of anthropology, a very important theory is that of the sociobiologists. Sociobiologists focus on adaptation and reproductive success rather than progress toward perfection. Edward O. Wilson was one of the most important of them. He adopted an approach that focused on the level of the gene. He saw social behavior as controlled, in principle, by particular genes, and he saw evolution as occurring at this level because reproductive success amounted to increasing the frequency of certain genes in future generations. However, the insistence of sociobiologists on grounding at least some behavior in universal human genetic predisposition runs contrary to cultural anthropologists' emphasis on the primacy of culture itself as the determinant of human social life. Several distinct approaches can be identified in contemporary sociobiology. The first one is evolutionary psychology. Evolutionary psychology is concerned primarily with the analysis of the mind as a device formed by natural selection. The second focus is human behavioral ecology. It emphasized populations rather than cultures, human population biology, as well as evolutionary ecology. The difference from evolutionary psychology is that it focuses on testing the hypotheses that culturally patterned traits actually enhance fitness rather than mind. The third approach involves the search for human universals. People advocating this kind of approach concentrate on discovering the characteristics found in all human societies. (McGee and Warms, 1996) However, this universal evolution point of view is rejected by other anthropologists such as Julian Steward. Steward developed an ecological approach that focused on the adaptation of individual cultures to specific environmental circumstances rather than trying to find out the universal law of human evolution and adaptation. He devoted most of his energy to the study of the environmental adaptation of specific societies. He did not believe that cultures followed a single universal sequence of development. Instead, he proposed that cultures could evolve in any number of distinct patterns depending on their environmental circumstances. He called his theory multilinear evolution. He also proposed that cultures in similar environments would tend to follow the same developmental sequences and formulate similar responses to their environmental challenges. (McGee and Warms, 1996) However, the multilinear point of view was not proposed by other anthropologists such as Leslie White. White concludes that unilineal evolutionary theory was fundamentally sound. He argued that evolutionary development from simple to complex, with increasing specialization of parts, was valid bot for cultures and for biology. He also proposed a grand, universal law of cultural evolution by means of the control of energy as the key factor in cultural evolution: culture advances as the amount of energy harnessed per capita per ear increases, or as the efficiency with which energy is utilized increases. (McGee and Warms, 1996) Still, there were other anthropologists who proposed both a multiliear and a universal law of evolution. For example, George Peter Murdock was interested in the statistical testing of cross-cultural hypotheses. His cross-cultural comparisons of cultural traits in many ways paralleled Steward's theory of multilinear evolution. In the meantime, he also believed that a universal set of principle governed the relationship between family structure, kinship, and marriage practices. In this sense, his attempts to statistically demonstrate universal principles of kin relation s resembled White's effort to formulate a universal theory of cultural evolution. (McGee and Warms, 1996) Besides, William C. Boyd also suggests that there is no doubt that some rectilinearity can often be observed in evolution. Nevertheless, rectilinear evolution is far from universal. (Boyd, 1952) Another key issue concerning human evolution is the issue of race. The definition of race, according to many anthropologists, is based on the frequency of certain genes. William C. Boyd defines race as that "A race is not an individual, and it is not a single genotype, but it is a group of individuals more or less from the same geographical area (a population), usually with a number of identical genes, but in which many different types may occur." His definition or race is a genetic one. (Boyd, 1952) Echoing Boyd, Dobzhansky also suggests that races arise chiefly as a result of the ordering of the genetic variability by natural selection in conformity with the environmental conditions in different territories. He said that "since human population often, in fact

Free Essays on Gambiling

At first it may be a scratch of a lotto ticket, but eventually it could be stealing to support an addiction. Americans love to roll the dice, bet on the game, try their luck at lottery tickets, or even try to master video machines that spit out an occasional coin (Controlling Add. to Gambling). Gambling has become increasingly legitimate and socially acceptable in the United States. According to Alcoholism and Drug Abuse Weekly, with gambling being one of our fastest growing industries, it attracts more customers than baseball games or movies (Legalized Gambling Increases, Treatment Needs 1). The proliferation of gambling has entertained millions of people, but it has done so at a steep price. To some people, it is only a game, but to many gambling is a serious addiction, becoming an uncontrollable behavior that can lead to financial and personal ruin. According to Economist Magazine, gambling addiction affects an estimated 3,000,000 Americans and statistics show that one out of every ten people who play the games will become a compulsive gambler. Gambling addictions have the same characteristics as other types of addictions, including mental preoccupation with the behavior, disregard for the negative consequences, loss of control, and progressive worsening of symptoms. In fact, these pathological gamblers tend to focus on the euphoric thrill of risking money in attempts to win more (Gambling on the Future). For some gamblers, a night of this entertainment is not dangerous, but the mark of the problem gambler is the progression from the five dollar table to the $50 table, from $1,000 bets to $100,000, and from gambling several hours a week to several hours a day. Acc ording to psychologist Robert Hunter, â€Å"The worst thing for a compulsive gambler is a big win to keep him in action† (Horn 34). Those obsessed with gambling, know the power that betting can hold over them. Arnie Wexler, a past gambler, now the executive direc... Free Essays on Gambiling Free Essays on Gambiling At first it may be a scratch of a lotto ticket, but eventually it could be stealing to support an addiction. Americans love to roll the dice, bet on the game, try their luck at lottery tickets, or even try to master video machines that spit out an occasional coin (Controlling Add. to Gambling). Gambling has become increasingly legitimate and socially acceptable in the United States. According to Alcoholism and Drug Abuse Weekly, with gambling being one of our fastest growing industries, it attracts more customers than baseball games or movies (Legalized Gambling Increases, Treatment Needs 1). The proliferation of gambling has entertained millions of people, but it has done so at a steep price. To some people, it is only a game, but to many gambling is a serious addiction, becoming an uncontrollable behavior that can lead to financial and personal ruin. According to Economist Magazine, gambling addiction affects an estimated 3,000,000 Americans and statistics show that one out of every ten people who play the games will become a compulsive gambler. Gambling addictions have the same characteristics as other types of addictions, including mental preoccupation with the behavior, disregard for the negative consequences, loss of control, and progressive worsening of symptoms. In fact, these pathological gamblers tend to focus on the euphoric thrill of risking money in attempts to win more (Gambling on the Future). For some gamblers, a night of this entertainment is not dangerous, but the mark of the problem gambler is the progression from the five dollar table to the $50 table, from $1,000 bets to $100,000, and from gambling several hours a week to several hours a day. Acc ording to psychologist Robert Hunter, â€Å"The worst thing for a compulsive gambler is a big win to keep him in action† (Horn 34). Those obsessed with gambling, know the power that betting can hold over them. Arnie Wexler, a past gambler, now the executive direc...

Battle of Mill Springs - Civil War Battle of Mill Springs

Battle of Mill Springs - Civil War Battle of Mill Springs The Battle of Mill Springs - Conflict: The Battle of Mill Springs was an early battle in the American Civil War (1861-1865). Armies Commanders: Union Brigadier General George H. Thomas4,400 men Confederate Major General George Crittenden5,900 men Battle of Mill Springs - Date: Thomas defeated Crittenden on January 19, 1862. Battle of Mill Springs - Background: In early 1862, Confederate defenses in the West were led by General Albert Sidney Johnston and were thinly spread from Columbus, KY east to the Cumberland Gap. A vital pass, the gap was held by the brigade of Brigadier General Felix Zollicoffer as part of Major General George B. Crittendens Military District of Eastern Tennessee. Having secured the gap, Zollicoffer moved north in November 1861, to position his forces closer to Confederate troops in Bowling Green and to take control of the area around Somerset. A military novice and former politician, Zollicoffer arrived at Mill Springs, KY and elected to move across the Cumberland River rather than fortify the heights around the town. Taking a position on the north bank, he believed that his brigade was in a better position to strike at Union troops in the area. Alerted to Zollicoffers movement, both Johnston and Crittenden ordered him to recross the Cumberland and situate himself on the more defensible south bank. Zollicoffer refused to comply, believing that he lacked sufficient boats for the crossing and citing concerns that he could be attacked with his men divided. Battle of Mill Springs - The Union Advances: Aware of the Confederate presence in Mill Springs, the Union leadership directed Brigadier General George H. Thomas to move against Zollicoffer and Crittendens forces. Arriving at Logans Crossroads, approximately ten miles north of Mill Springs, with three brigades on January 17, Thomas paused to await the arrival of a fourth under Brigadier General Albin Schoepf. Alerted to the Union advance, Crittenden ordered Zollicoffer to attack Thomas before Schoepf could reach Logans Crossroads. Departing on the evening of January 18, his men marched nine miles through rain and mud to reach the Union position by morning. Battle of Mill Springs - Zollicoffer Killed: Attacking at dawn, the tired Confederates first encountered Union pickets under Colonel Frank Wolford. Pressing his attack with the 15th Mississippi and 20th Tennessee, Zollicoffer soon encountered stubborn resistance from the 10th Indiana and 4th Kentucky. Taking a position in a ravine forward of the Union line, the Confederates made use of the protection it provided and maintained a heavy fire. As the fighting lulled, Zollicoffer, conspicuous in a white rain coat, moved to reconnoiter the lines. Becoming confused in smoke, he approached the 4th Kentuckys lines believing them to be Confederates. Before he could realize his mistake, he was shot and killed, possibly by Colonel Speed Fry, commander of the 4th Kentucky. With their commander dead, the tide began to turn against the rebels. Arriving on the field, Thomas quickly took control of the situation and stabilized the Union line, while increasing pressure on the Confederates. Rallying Zollicoffers men, Crittenden committed the brigade of Brigadier General William Carroll to the fight. As the fighting raged, Thomas ordered the 2nd Minnesota to maintain their fire and pushed forward the 9th Ohio. Battle of Mill Springs - Union Victory: Advancing, the 9th Ohio succeeded in turning the Confederate left flank. Their line collapsing from the Union attack, Crittendens men began fleeing back towards Mill Springs. Frantically crossing the Cumberland, they abandoned 12 guns, 150 wagons, over 1,000 animals, and all of their wounded on the north bank. The retreat did not end until the men reached the area around Murfreesboro, TN. Aftermath of the Battle of Mill Springs: The Battle of Mill Springs cost Thomas 39 killed and 207 wounded, while Crittenden lost 125 killed and 404 wounded or missing. Believed to have been intoxicated during the fighting, Crittenden was relieved of his command. The victory at Mill Springs was one of the first triumphs for the Union and saw Thomas open a breach in the western Confederate defenses. This was quickly followed by Brigadier General Ulysses S. Grants victories at Forts Henry and Donelson in February. Confederate forces would not control the Mill Springs area against until the weeks before the Battle of Perryville in autumn 1862. Selected Sources Mill Springs Battlefield AssociationNational Park Service: Battle of Mill SpringsCivil War Trust: Battle of Mill Springs

War Scroll (1QM) Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

War Scroll (1QM) - Research Paper Example From the current discussion it can be comprehended that the War Scrolls were discovered with the other Qumran Scrolls. It is a manual that lays out military strategy and organization for a serious war that seems to be the final showdown of years of divergence amongst two different groups of people. These groups are indicated in the scrolls as the Sons of Light against the Sons of Darkness. From the point of view of researcher, the War Scrolls demonstrate the theoretical framework and conception of a group of people who belonged to the sect that hid the Qumran Scrolls in the cave. The author of the discussion infers this logically because at the time that the scrolls are dated (that is 50 BCE), Ancient Israel was under Roman Rule. Roman Rule was seen by many Jews of Ancient Israel as a rule perpetrated by people of an evil background. This is because many sources including the Christian New Testament indicate that the Jewish people of Ancient Israel had little regards for non-Jews. Th ey also saw the rule of Rome as some form of evil oppression that prevented Jews from carrying out the commandments in the Laws of Moses. So it appears that the scrolls meant the final wars and battles that would be fought between Israel and the Roman nation that would ultimately liberate Israel from its enemies. However, there are numerous interpretations that have various logical backings. Content Image 1.1 The War Scrolls 1QM: Courtesy of Hebrew University of Jerusalem The War Scrolls , 1QM is made up of 19 columns (Sukenik 1955, 1). It contains descriptions of the final showdown between the Sons of Light and the Sons of Darkness. Since the display is not very clear and easily understandable to the modern man (ie it is not in chapters and verses as we have it in the Bible of today), it is divided into columns for the purpose of analysis amongst modern day theologists and social scientists. Philip Davies (1977) identifies that the 1QM or War Scrolls is divided into four main Parts . Part 1 which includes Columns 2 to 9 of the scrolls. It is about the basic elements of the war and it gives a description of the organization of the armies of the wars and the composition of the various units of the war and its spiritual implications which is paralleled with the 12 Tribes of Israel and the protection of the Covenant between Israel and God. Part 2 of the 1QM gives a background to the conflict and explains it into more details and includes some liturgical elements that makes the war more of a religious one than a secular one. It covers columns 14 to 19. Part 3 covers columns 10 – 14 whilst Part 4 is about column 1 which predicts the eventual victory of the Sons of Light over the Sons of Darkness. The extract from Image 1.1 above echoes elements from Numbers 10:9 (Hebrew University of Jerusalem, 2011 paragraph 1). This indicates that the war is to be fought with the various elements of a fair war which are outlined in the Torah in Numbers 10 and repeated by Mo ses in Deuteronomy 20. This includes amongst other things, the fact that a religious war should be sanctioned with a special priest from the descendants of Aaron who are known amongst Jews today as the Kohanim. The 1QM scrolls indicate that a special Kohen has to declare certain things to the soldiers before a religious war is sanctioned. This implies that the Sons of Light are really involved in some elements of Jewish religious life. The Sons of Light in the Qumran Scrolls are referred to as Yahad (Qumran.org). Yahad has a strong

Research Paper on Why So Many Failed Drug Tests with Athletes in

On Why So Many Failed Drug Tests with Athletes in Professional Sports - Research Paper Example School level education programs are really essential to increase athletes’ awareness of the negative effects of substance abuse and thus to create an anti-doping culture. Please find enclosed my article titled, â€Å"Failed Drug Tests with Athletes in Professional Sports† for your kind perusal. This overview of the alarming issue of drug abuse and falsified performance tendencies among athletes makes an empirical study of the scenario with a list of actual cases and citations for the relevance and accuracy of the material. This article exposes the real facets of the influence of the contrabands at the core of reality with a belief that investigative studies in the field of ethical and health issues may be encouraged for the benefit of a transparent sports world. While being aware of the very fact that complete elimination of performance-enhancing drugs is not practical in the near future, a few recommendations are suggested in the article to regulate the management of global sports for total dope-free competitions. Apart from addressing the issue from a social and individual perspective, for the compilation of this article, names of several prolific sports personalities who have been defamed for having failed tests for doping or substance misuse have been mentioned. Although the references are not deliberate, it is expected that the inclusion of such names will mark a symbolic effect among the readers about the social and professional destruction caused by this evil tendency. Thus, with due humility and appreciation for your excellence, I submit this article before you. I hope the compromises made at meeting the standards at different areas may be excused and this work will be considered for a favorable approval. Professional sports have been a primary area of concern for most of the developed countries since ancient periods because they perceived sport activities as an opportunity to demonstrate their

Acrobatics Workshop Essay Example for Free

Acrobatics Workshop Essay No matter which figures or pyramids are being tried, the facilitator must make sure that there are catchers present to prevent injuries. Participants should be instructed how to catch one another and to take responsibility for others in the group.  1. Description of the activity  Part 1 Warming Up Trust Exercises  A. The participants are put into pairs. One partner becomes a guide, the other becomes blind. The guide takes their blind partner for a walk (around the grounds, over obstacles, etc. ) while holding hands. After some minutes the partners change roles. Variations: Follow the same steps as above, but have the seeing partner lead with only one finger. Alternatively, have the seeing partner lead using only their voice no physical contact between partners.  B. In pairs, participants stand face to face with their feet together and holding hands. Each person leans back carefully with full body strength by stretching their arms. The challenge is to maintain balance.  C. All participants stand together in a circle and hold hands. Count off into 1s and 2s. On the signal, using all their strength, the 1s lean inside while the 2s lean outside. After a few seconds, carefully pull back into a normal circle and then change (2s inside, 1s outside). D. In small groups (3-7 persons), one person stands in the middle of a circle. Standing stiff and without moving their feet, the one in the middle falls from one person to another and is slowly passed around inside the circle. After some moments, change roles. Give everyone a chance to be in the middle.  Variation: you can also do this with just three persons. The one in the middle is slowly passed forward and backwards between two persons. Part 2 Stretching  Before trying actual figures, it is important to warm up the joints and the muscles. Gently stretch legs, arms, neck, and shoulders. Dont forget to pay attention to the wrists and ankles, too.  Part 3 First Acrobatic Steps  3A. Napoleon (3 persons):   The first person goes down and takes the bench position; the second person goes up and forms a bench on top of the first person (see diagram 4)   The first person goes down and takes bench position; second person goes up and stands on the shoulders and hip of the bench. Keeping their balance, the bench slowly starts to walk forwards on their hands and knees (see diagram 10). (Remember you must NEVER stand in the middle of the benchs back, only on their shoulders and hips!) The third person is always the catcher for the person who is up.  3B. Knee stands (4 persons)   The first person goes down and takes the bench position; second person sits down on the benchs hips (facing benchs feet); taking the second persons hands, third person goes up and stands on second persons knees (keep holding hands). If second and third person can balance on their own, the bench can walk away, leaving the two in balance position. The fourth person is the catcher. 3C. Galion figure (4 persons)  Ã‚  The same as 3B (above), but second and third person open op their arms on one side and look in the same direction. (You still need the fourth person as catcher.)  Part 4 Pyramids and standing on shoulders  Once participants have grasped the basic steps, they can proceed onto building pyramids and making new shapes (see diagrams in section D Some Pyramids).  2. General remarks  Who can do acrobatics? Acrobatics can be used with groups of all ages: teenagers, adults, even children from 4 or 5 years of age. It is important to include the warming up and trust-building exercises, especially if the people in the group do not know each other very well. Stretching and warming-up the muscles is important to avoid accidents. Everyone in the group should be taught the catchers tasks. The group has to take responsibility for itself it is up to everyone to look out for one another. Why use acrobatics?  Acrobatics is a perfect method for team-building at any age. Its good to learn to give and to take help from one another. Even if you have only a short amount of time, participants can learn amazing things like building pyramids or standing on shoulders. Acrobatics can help people learn about taking responsibility for others but also about respecting limits (their own and other persons). The atmosphere in the workshop should allow participants to say if they dont want to try a certain figure or activity. An extra touch  If you have more time (e.g. the group stays together several days), the participants can put together a presentation. This is a great way for the group to show off what they have learned (especially good for children and young adults).  Accessibility  Some groups may have specific needs (e.g. older participants or individuals with physical or mental disabilities), but these are not reasons for people to be excluded. For example, past experiments with acrobatics has shown that its possible to include people who might be missing a limb or even those in wheelchairs. There may be some limits, but in most cases it just takes some fantasy to create new forms and figures which include all members of the group. 3. Literature  There are many resources to be found describing acrobatics and other circus activities. Two of these include:  1. Rudi Ballreich, Udo v. Grabowiecki (Hg.), Zirkus spielen. Ein Handbuch, 1999 Stuttgart/Leipzig. Not only about acrobatics but all circus skills you can use with young people, tips for presentation as well. (German language)  2. J.M. Fodero/E.E. Furblur, Creating Gymnastics, Pyramids and Balances. Leisure Press, Champaign, Illinois, 1989. This book focuses only on acrobatics and has a great amount of drawings for figures for 2 persons up to pyramids with 15 or more persons. For beginners to advanced. You can find some figures presented in the book on the Internet: http://www.mypage.bluewin.ch/mmc/akro/bkd7.html. (A German-language edition of this book is available under the title Menschenpyramiden.)

History of Shakespeare :: Essays Papers

History of Shakespeare William Shakespeare was born on April 23, 1564 in Stratford-on-Avon, England. His father, John Shakespeare, was a glover. He was very successful and well respected in society, as a mayor, town council man, and justice of peace. Mary Arden, Shakespeare's mother, was from a wealthy family and with John Shakespeare, they had eight children. Shakespeare went to Stratford Grammar School where he studied the Greek and Latin, and grew to love to read. It is said that his formal education ended here. On November 27, 1582, Shakespeare married Ann Hathaway who was twenty-eight years old. They had their first daughter, Susanna, on May 26, 1583 and after two years they had a twins, Judith and Hamnet. Hamnet died at the age of eleven in 1596. There are no written documents or evidence of Shakespeare between the years 1585-1592. In 1593, after establishing himself as an actor and play writer, Shakespeare with the help of his friend, Henry Wriothsley who sponsored him, wrote two long poems. His first poem, "Venus and Adonius", was written in 1593 . Then in 1594, he wrote his second long poem, "Rape of Lucrece". During that year the theatres in London opened up again after the plague. Shakespeare began to work for the "Lord Chamberlain's Men" company who later became known as "The King's Men" in 1603 after King James took over. This company became the largest and most famous acting company in London, due to Shakespeare's plays and works. In 1599, "The Globe" theatre was built, a many of Shakespeare's plays were performed there, and soon other theatres followed such as "The Curtain" and "The Rose" theatres. As an actor, director, writer, and stockholder in his acting company, Shakespeare soon became a very wealthy man. In 1597, Shakespeare brought "New Place", which was a very large house for his family to live in. In 1611, Shakespeare left London and retired. On March 25, 1616, Shakespeare made a will and he died on April 23, 1616 at the age of fifty-two.

The Affects Of Smoking Health And Social Care Essay

Smoke is one of the major slayers in our society today. It has a batch of effects on the human wellness. These effects can be really serious and many times lifelessly. Cigarettes contain more than over 4000 toxic chemicals. Smoking affects every map of the organic structure, from the internal variety meats to the immune system in the organic structure. Furthermore, smoking contributes to about two million premature deceases and more than one million chronic diseases in America each twelvemonth. Smoke is a bad wont which controls the immature and the old. It is the figure one slayer in the USA. This slayer is preventable but yet North America has non figure out how to halt it. ( 1 ) Smoke can escort person to a timely grave, but it can besides impact some one twenty-four hours after twenty-four hours. This bad wont is derived from baccy, a works that grows wildly throughout many parts of the tropical universe for its cherished foliages. These ill-famed foliages are by and large smoked or chewed as a penchant of pick by huge bulk of people. Many surveies have found dealingss between smoke and a less stamina capacity. ( 2 ) The habit-forming agent found in coffin nails is called nicotine, which can besides be used to command person weight addition. These side effects are large in athleticss and some day-to-day activities. Many surveies had been conducted, showing that if person smoked so they do less physical activity. One of the experiments conducted was on tobacco users and non-smokers ; they were tested by running a endurance contest. The people who conducted the experiments took a big set of mainly non-smokers and calculated their modus operandi. In the race the distance that was run was face-to-face associated to the day-to-day coffin nail usage. ( 3 ) The decision of the exper iment was that the more person smoked, the less distance person can run. The longer a tobacco user participant in the race, the poorer they performed. In the experiment, the mean non-smoker could run about 2615 metres in 10 proceedingss, while a tobacco user with less than 2 old ages of experience who smoked about 20 coffin nails a twenty-four hours could merely run about 2285 metres. A tobacco user with more than 4 old ages of experience who smoke about 20 coffin nails a twenty-four hours could merely run 2185 metres. ( 4 ) These consequences show how the hapless pick people make can diminish their day-to-day public presentation the more they smoke in their life-time. Robert C. Klesges had conducted an experiment that found that although tobacco users did less free clip activities and played small or no athleticss, they will sometimes make a similar sum of anaerobiotic activities. ( 5 ) This besides showed that tobacco users had the same energy consummation as non tobacco users, in tending that their eating wonts were non cause in their fittingness degrees. ( 6 ) The trial showed that cut down aerophilic physical motion can intend that smoking causes a encouragement in carboxyhemoglobin. Carboxyhemoglobin is the lessening of O that is transporting the capacity of the blood, which can do hypoxia in the tissues and can take to cut down physical public presentation. ( 7 ) Furthermore, smoke is really harmful to one of the most of import systems in the organic structure which is the respiratory system. Smoking affects the staying power capableness more than any other factor of fittingness like musculus strength or velocity. If an jock smokes they would no longer be able to utilize their musculuss every bit affect as they would desire to because of ability to transport O. Most athleticss and day-to-day activities require the jock to utilize big sums of energy. Athletes who smoke will non be able to acquire the necessary sum O to their organic structure, which can do them to execute at a really hapless degree. In some surveies scientist had proven that even if person fumes, when they quit smoking, there degrees of physical activity will increase their organic structure. ( 8 ) When you look at all the great jocks in the universe, for illustration, Usain Bolt, LeBron James, Dwayne Wade, Candice Parker Michael Philips and the William sisters none of them ha ve consume a baccy merchandise. Another ground why smoke is harmful is because of the effects it has on the human organic structure and how the nicotine affects organic structure weight. Nicotine is the drug that is found in coffin nails. This is by and large what gets tobacco users addicted to tobacco merchandises. Even through many different experiments has shown that tobacco users have a inclination to weigh less than non tobacco users. ( 9 ) Multiple skin crease trials were conducted during the experiments and the measuring of weight. More experiments that were conducted to demo how the rats had considerable less sum of carcase fat, intending that nicotine affects where shops fat. The more the rats got the nicotine the less fat they were. In the hypothesis the nicotine affected these fats by altering the enzymes in the ordinance and the triglycerides for illustration adipose tissue and lipoprotein lipase. ( 10 ) With many trials conducted one trial showed that 2.8 % of tobacco users have a lower entire organic structure fat. ( 11 ) The trial besides showed that tobacco users eat more Calories per twenty-four hours than non tobacco users. With all the trials conducted, research workers have concluded that nicotine can increase the metabolic rate. The trials besides found that nicotine had no tumorigenic affect on any critical organ in the organic structure, which means if nicotine is taken ; it should be breathe in as a clean substance. Another feature of the affects of nicotine on weight is when the organic structure is no longer given nicotine. Most tobacco users quit found that they gained weight after. Scientists have calculated that the mean weight addition after person quits smoke is about 5 lbs 14. This is one fright of why most tobacco users do n't discontinue because of the weight they will derive. The horror of organic structure expression is what because most people non to disconti nue smoke. The affects of nicotine can be a great weight loss drug. It can assist people in athleticss, where the jock would necessitate to be light on weight. Surveies have proven that if it merely nicotine so it is non harmful to the organic structure, but it can be if it is given with baccy. ( 16 ) The jock would non see the physical effects of smoking on the organic structure, but can still hold control of their weight when utilizing nicotine. Cigarette smoke is the most of import hazard factor for immature work forces and adult females. ( 14 ) Smoke can still hold many different effects on the human organic structure. It affects the O transporting capacity of the blood and the lungs but nicotine is non truly harmful to the organic structure. When nicotine is used it can be a powerful weight loss drug. The affects of smoke can do person to do a determination on whether to smoke. Some other things that smoking can do are malignant neoplastic disease, diabetes, bosom jobs, Pregnancy and childhood jobs, and tegument jobs. Smoking cause about 30 % of all malignant neoplastic disease deceases and about 87 % of lung malignant neoplastic disease deceases. Smoking can increase person hazard of acquiring 15 different malignant neoplastic diseases including nasal, pharynx, lip, pit, oral cavity, gorge, voice box, pancreas, kidney, neck, tummy and vesica. When person uses baccy when they have diabetes they are increasing their hazard of deceasing. There blood sugar degrees will raise and take to insulin opposition. A tobacco user who smokes more than 20 coffin nails a twenty-four hours duplicate their hazards of developing diabetes compare against people who do n't smoke. Smoking besides put a batch of strain on the bosom. Smoking can duplicate person opportunities of deceasing from coronary bosom disease which is the taking cause of decease in America. Roughly about 9 00,000 people die from coronary bosom disease each twelvemonth. Smoke can do blood vass providing the bosom to go narrow. Sometimes it can do blood curdling, raise blood force per unit area and weaken an arteria. When the arteria is weaken due smoking it is call abdominal aortal aneurism. Woman who smoke when they are pregnant dual their opportunities of holding a low birth weight babe. She can besides increase her opportunity of non doing it during the gestation. Babies that do last may increase their opportunities of acquiring asthma and ear infections. Harmonizing to Richard Hurt manager of the Nicotine Dependence Center at the Mayo Clinic in Rochester, Min â€Å" baccy contains more than 4,000 chemicals in baccy can damage collagen and elastic, fibres that give clamber its strength and snap. As a consequence, tegument begins to droop and purse prematurely. † ( 12 ) It should be notes that Cigarette smoke increases the hazard of coronary bosom disease by itself and besides increases the hazard of perennial coronary bosom disease after beltway surgery. ( 14 ) Secondhand fume is besides another slayer in the USA. Second manus fume is when person inhales the fume from a firing baccy merchandise. Peoples can be exposed to secondhand fume in many different countries like at places, in your auto, and at the occupation. Other topographic points can include public topographic points, like bars, eating houses, and college. Peoples who inhale the fume are exposing their organic structures to about 4,000 different chemicals. At least 250 of the chemicals are harmful to the human organic structure for illustration, C monoxide, ammonium hydroxide, and H nitrile. More than 50 of the toxic chemicals can do malignant neoplastic disease to people who do n't even smoke but are at the incorrect topographic point at the incorrect clip. Inhaling secondhand fume can do lung malignant neoplastic disease in nonsmoking grownups and kids. About 3,000 lung malignant neoplastic disease deceases occur each twelvemonth among big nonsmokers in the America due the expo sure to secondhand fume. Second manus fume can increase a nonsmoker ‘s opportunities of developing lung malignant neoplastic disease by 20 to 30 % . Besides some research showed that secondhand fume may increase the hazard of rhinal sinus pit malignant neoplastic disease, nasopharyngeal malignant neoplastic disease and chest malignant neoplastic disease in grownups. In kids 2nd manus smoke can do the hazard of leukaemia, lymphoma, and encephalon tumours. As a consequence, around one in a 100 deceases worldwide are due to inactive smoke, which kills an estimated 600,000 people a twelvemonth, World Health Organization ( WHO ) research workers said. ( 3 ) Smoke is a danger to anything that breathes. Smoking baccy can kill the people who smoke and the people who do n't. This slayer is preventable if everyone merely stays off. In add-on, coffin nail smoke is as widespread and important as a hazard factor that the Surgeon General has called it â€Å" the taking preventable cause of disease and deceases in the United States. † ( 5 ) Therefore, one should believe twice about the serious effects and hazard factor before doing the pick or patterns of smoking. As it is ever believed that wherever there is fume, there will decidedly be fire, the taking combination in the cause of decease and devastation in the universe. Citation: Paul, Slovic. Smoke: hazard, perceptual experience & A ; policy. 1. 1000s oak California: Phase Publication, 2001. 78. Print. â€Å" Cigarette Use in the U.S. , 1985-2002. † World Almanac and Book of Facts. World Almanac Education Group, 2004. 1417. 24 Oct. 2010. â€Å" Cigarette Use in the U.S. , 1985-2001. † World Almanac and Book of Facts. World Almanac Education Group, 2003. 1408. 24 Oct. 2010. â€Å" smoke. † The Columbia Encyclopedia. 6th erectile dysfunction. Columbia University Press, 2000. 35912. 18 Oct. 2010. â€Å" What ‘s bad about smoke. ( Tobacco ) . † Get Smart About Drugs, ( Grades 2 – 3 ) , a Weekly Reader publication. Weekly Reader Corp. , 2001. 10+ . 19 Oct. 2010. â€Å" Avoid the Nicotine Trap. ( Unit 3: Tobacco ) . † Get Smart About Drugs, ( Grades 7 – 9 ) , a Weekly Reader publication. Weekly Reader Corp. , 2001. 18+ . 19 Oct. 2010. â€Å" Cigarette usage in the U.S. , 1985-2004. ( Critical Statistics ) ( Statistical tabular array ) . † World Almanac and Book of Facts. World Almanac Education Group, 2006. 183. 19 Oct. 2010. â€Å" It ‘s Not Cool To Use Tobacco: Talking Out Against Smoking. ( Harmful Substances ) . † Staying Healthy 3, a Weekly Reader publication. Weekly Reader Corp. , 1994. S20+ . 20 Oct. 2010. Document URL â€Å" Some Benefits of Discontinuing Smoking. † World Almanac and Book of Facts. World Almanac Education Group, 2002. 549. 20 Oct. 2010. â€Å" Tendencies in day-to-day usage of coffin nails, for U.S. 8th, 10th, and 12th graders. ( Health ) ( Statistical tabular array ) . † World Almanac and Book of Facts. World Almanac Education Group, 2006. 166. General OneFile. Web. 19 Nov. 2010. â€Å" Unit 3: Harmful Substances. † Staying Healthy 3, a Weekly Reader publication. Weekly Reader Corp. , 1994. 6. 20 Oct. 2010.

Conflict and war are inevitable in life

We are going to be discussing â€Å"Conflict and war are inevitable in life.† First of all, you cannot imagine a world without conflict and war as they are happening every day. Human beings are prone to conflict and war. War and peace are like Ying and Yang. They are combined and nothing can separate it. Needless wars occur around the world endlessly. Conflicts which are occurring now are: 1. Riots e.g: In Egypt. According to the BBC website, over 100 people have been killed due to the riots. You can disagree by saying† however, the police in Egypt are controlling the riots and rioters begin to decrease by each day according to the BBC. This shows that conflicts can be resolved is not inevitable.† 1. Our fellow teachers, like our Mr Harland are going on strike this Wednesday due to their pensions. This is out of the context however this is still a way of causing troubles in our society. â€Å"They are doing this because if they don’t they won’t be able to survive anymore. It won’t be fair on them would it?† Let’s think back a few years. Racism was very common in the United States and in many parts of Europe. Conflict and wars were created due to racism. People had to suffer in order to survive. Americans used coloured people (black) as slaves to do their bidding. This was inevitable in life! Yes it was a tragedy however that too has been resolved. People change their ways to a greater good. Rosa Parks was an extraordinary example. She stood up towards the white people and due to this, racism was soon abolished. So if it wasn’t for Rosa Parks, would racism have gone even further? Would I be sitting here having this discussion? Wars also occurred and are still occurring in around the globe. For example 1. Afghanistan. The British have to assist as well which endangers many soldiers and innocent people who did not want any of this to occur. All this happened because of one man. (Gadaffi). We are still trying to maintain peace around the world by assisting those in need. However, isn’t helping in the war going to increase the number of battles fought and how many more should have to die? I have also heard that the war in Sri Lanka has ended and people are rebuilding their lives. Wars get created and solved all the time. The Ultimate goal of war and conflict in my opinion is because of jealousy towards a person or people and for the satisfaction of human needs. Even in Julius Caesar, Mark Anthony and Octavius go up against Brutus and Cassius in a needless war. Why should people have to die without any cause or reason? This is exactly why war and conflict are inevitable in life.

Chinese Cultural Revolution essays

Chinese Cultural Revolution essays The Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution was a ten-year political campaign with objectives to revolutionize china with the cultural and political ideologies of Mao Zedong. Mao Zedong launched the Great Leap Forward in 1959, which was a complete disaster. To help bring China out of the economic depression caused by the Great Leap Forward, Mao Zedong began the Cultural Revolution in Beijing, China and it lasted from 1966-1976. (The Cultural Revolution) The goal of the Cultural Revolution was to steer China away from the lines of the Soviet model and into its own form of government. (The Cultural Revolution) Mao thus ultimately adopted four goals for the Cultural Revolution. They were to replace his designated successors with leaders more faithful to his current thinking; To rectify the Chinese Communist Party; To provide China's youths with a revolutionary experience and lastly, to achieve some specific policy changes so as to make the educational, health care, and cultural systems less elitist (The Cultural Revolution). During this time, thousands were killed and millions of people were imprisoned or exiled. In our presentation, we will discuss how the Cultural Revolution began, the advantages, disadvantages and the effects it had on China during this time. Mao Zedong launched the Cultural Revolution for three reasons. One was to make China distinct from the Soviet Union, second was to renew the spirit of China and third was to re-establish his ideologies (Chinese Cultural Revolution). His role had been diminished due to the failure of the Great Leap Forward. The Great Leap Forward was aimed at China making a Leap Forward into modernization. (BBC News). Mao began to promote technology and overnight all the rice and crop fields were turned into factories. Around 23,000 communes were created each controlling its own means of production. Farmers did not know what to do with all the new technology that was built on ...

Environmental Discourse Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Environmental Discourse - Essay Example Green Evangelicalism Prelli and Winters (2009, p.224) state that there are different views presented by Christian evangelicals and environmentalists regarding environmental problems like human-induced global warming and climate change. When evangelicals presented the idea to make interventions to fight climate change, they were struck with surprise by environmentalists and common people because they were not expecting them to point out this issue. â€Å"†¦many people were struck by the apparent incongruity of American evangelicals addressing the climate change problem†, state Prelli and Winters (2009, p.225). Sustainable Development The supporters of sustainable development argue that sustainable construction gives important consideration to the environmental impacts besides creating a structure or building that is user-friendly and comfortable. It ensures that damage risks to the building, residents and environment are eliminated. The main objective of sustainable constr uction is to build healthier buildings which tend to comfort society, improve biodiversity, reduce polluting emissions, and ensure less consumption of resources. The opponents of this discourse believe that sustainable development has â€Å"certain serious shortcomings that need to be addressed† (Haque, 2000, p.3).

Discuss the controversies that have occurred around the issue of race Essay

Discuss the controversies that have occurred around the issue of race and intelligence - Essay Example According to scientists, the relation between the two constructs race and intelligence cannot be defined accurately (Sternberg, 2005). Psychologists and sociologists have come up with different views on what the constructs imply. In their attempt to correlate them, researchers have only given way to more contradictory ideas. It is a common belief that level of intelligence varies from race to race. This belief has fuelled controversy over the issue of racial discrimination on the basis of intelligence quotient or IQ. Nisbett (2005) states that there is a difference of intelligence level among the Blacks and the Whites. He further claims that the Whites have scored over the Blacks in intelligence testing by one deviation point. However, Nisbett’s point is countered by the view that intelligence testing methods vary depending on the socio-cultural context of the individual (Sternberg, 2005). There have been a lot of debates and discussions over the analysis of intelligence and its genetic bearing. Though it is an abstract concept but can be measured by means of a number of techniques that keep on evolving. Experts are of the opinion that as intelligence is multi-dimensional in nature and conceptually vary from society to society it calls for different conceptual methods of measuring it (Neisser et al, 1996). Of late there happens to be a disagreement over the authenticity and validity of IQ test patterns as it has been declared to be outdated in ascertaining the intelligence level or mental ability of different races. It is because of the simple reason that the conceptual construct varies culturally and socially. As a result the attributes that make for intelligence within the Chinese might not be so for the Americans. Therefore it could be said that the IQ test’s predictability is limited (Neisser, 1996). Neisser’s views though